Praise be to Allah

Firstly:

The guideline on permissible work is that it should be in a permissible field and should not involve helping others to commit unlawful acts.

This includes working in buying and selling, and rental, of permissible things such as selling food, medicine, tools and equipment, and the like. It also includes working in teaching, medicine, engineering, electricity, carpentry, and manufacturing, and innumerable other permissible types of work.

As for unlawful work, that includes: working in riba-based banks or commercial insurance companies, or carrying alcohol, or raising pigs, or writing down contracts of riba, or equipping places for gambling, or selling things that it is thought most likely will be used for unlawful purposes, such as selling weapons to bandits, and other things that are regarded as haraam and sinful, or helping in it directly or almost directly.

As for helping in it indirectly, whilst not intending to help in sin and transgression, that is not unlawful. That includes selling permissible food to a disbeliever, one who deals in riba, or one who gambles. It cannot be said that by means of this food one is nourishing them and giving them the strength to commit sin. If indirectly helping them was forbidden, then people would never find permissible work except in very rare cases.

Hence the Sahaabah used to deal with the Jews, buying and selling, renting, and so on, because they benefitted from such activities.

If the work in and of itself is permissible, and does not involve directly helping anyone to commit unlawful acts, it is permissible.

This is the guideline that we can mention in this regard, with regard to whether work is lawful or prohibited.

For more information, please see the answer to question no. 247586.

Based on that, if there is a bakery that sells permissible types of bread, and other types that are unlawful because they are contain alcohol, for example, and the worker’s role is limited to dealing with the permissible bread, and he is not helping with that which is unlawful in any way, then in the case of extreme need it is permissible for him to do this job, but he should look for other work, because seeing the evil deed makes it obligatory for him to object to it, and he may not be able to do that. So he should leave the place in that case, because Allah, may He be exalted, says (interpretation of the meaning):

“And it has already come down to you in the Book that when you hear the verses of Allah [recited], they are denied [by them] and ridiculed; so do not sit with them until they enter into another conversation. Indeed, you would then be like them. Indeed Allah will gather the hypocrites and disbelievers in Hell all together”

[an-Nisa’ 4:170].

Al-Jassaas said in Ahkaam al-Qur’an (2/407): This verse indicates that it is obligatory to express the objection to an evil deed to the one who is doing it, and that part of objecting to it is expressing displeasure, if it is not possible to remove it, and to refrain from sitting with the one who is doing it, and to get up and leave him, until he stops doing that and begins to do something else. End quote.

Shaykh Ibn ‘Uthaymeen (may Allah have mercy on him) was asked: What is the ruling on working for the owners of shops selling gold, in which they engage in transactions that are Islamically unacceptable, whether that is dealing with riba, using haraam tricks, deceiving customers, and other transactions that are not acceptable according to sharee‘ah?

He replied: Working for these people who deal in riba, use deceit, and other haraam things is haraam, because Allah, may He be exalted, says (interpretation of the meaning):

“but do not cooperate in sin and aggression”

[al-Maa’idah 5:2]

“And it has already come down to you in the Book that when you hear the verses of Allah [recited], they are denied [by them] and ridiculed; so do not sit with them until they enter into another conversation. Indeed, you would then be like them. Indeed Allah will gather the hypocrites and disbelievers in Hell all together”

[an-Nisa’ 4:170].

And because the Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) said: ““Whoever among you sees an evil action, then let him change it with his hand [by taking action]; if he cannot, then with his tongue [by speaking out]; and if he cannot, then with his heart [by hating it].” But the one who works with them is not changing anything, whether with his hand, his tongue or his heart, so he is disobeying the Messenger (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him).

End quote from Fiqh wa Fataawa al-Buyoo‘, p. 392

So this friend of yours should look for another job in which he will be able to avoid seeing evil.

But so long as he does not go near the pork or help with it in any way, then his salary is lawful, because it is in return for his work with the permissible bread, but he is sinning by not objecting the evil, and this is what makes it necessary for him to look for another job.

Thus you will know that there is nothing wrong with you eating his food or accepting his gifts, for his salary is permissible.

Secondly:

Working in commercial insurance companies is prohibited, because commercial insurance is based on riba (usury) and gambling, as we have explained in the answers to questions no. 130761 and 205100.

But with regard to wealth that is unlawful because of the manner in which it is acquired, it is only haraam for the one who acquires it; so there is no blame on the one who takes it from him in a lawful manner, such as gifts, maintenance and the like. Please see the answers to questions no. 114798 and 246623.

Based on that, there is nothing wrong with you eating food or accepting anything of the wealth of the one who works in this unlawful insurance field.

Thirdly:

The ways of earning a lawful income are many, but the matter may need some research and effort. Whoever fears Allah, may He be exalted, He will grant him provision and help him, as He, may He be glorified, says (interpretation of the meaning):

“And whoever fears Allah - He will make for him a way out.

And will provide for him from where he does not expect. And whoever relies upon Allah - then He is sufficient for him. Indeed, Allah will accomplish His purpose. Allah has already set for everything a [decreed] extent”

[al-Talaaq 65:2-3].

So strive to look for permissible work, that is free of mixing and seeing evil things. Caution in this regard is something praiseworthy, for whoever strives to avoid dubious matters will protect his religious commitment from shortcomings and will protect his honour from slander, and whoever falls into doubtful matters will soon fall into haraam matters.

The Prophet (blessings and peace of Allah be upon him) said:

“Whoever guards against the doubtful matters will protect his religious commitment from shortcomings and will protect his honour from slander, but whoever falls into that which is doubtful will fall into that which is haraam, like a shepherd who grazes his flock around prohibited land; he will soon graze in it.” Narrated by al-Bukhaari (52) and Muslim (1599).

And he said: “Leave that which makes you doubt for that which does not make you doubt.” Narrated by at-Tirmidhi (2518) and an-Nasaa’i (5711). At-Tirmidhi said: This is a saheeh hasan hadith. It was classed as saheeh by al-Albaani in Saheeh at-Tirmidhi.

And Allah knows best.